Ecstasy
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), commonly known as "ecstasy", or by its any other name, refers to the drug having such chemical composition, including any of its isomers or derivatives in any form.
Three neurobiological mechanisms for the therapeutic effects of MDMA have been suggested: "1) MDMA increases oxytocin levels, which may strengthen the therapeutic alliance; 2) MDMA increases ventromedial prefrontal activity and decreases amygdala activity, which may improve emotional regulation and decrease avoidance, and 3) MDMA increases norepinephrine (NE) release and circulating cortisol levels, which may facilitate emotional engagement and enhance extinction of learned fear associations."
Poppy tears, lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Opium contains up to 12% morphine, an alkaloid, which is frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. The latex also includes codeine and non-narcotic alkaloids such as papaverine, thebaine and noscapine.
Is a pharmaceutic necessity for powdered opium. It acts chiefly on the central nervous system; its action first stimulates and then depresses nerve response. It serves as an analgesic, a hypnotic, and a narcotic and checks excessive peristalsis and contracts the pupil of the eye. A dose of 60 mg was formerly listed for opium and powdered opium.
Prescription Products: Diabismul®, KBP/O®
Nonprescription Products: Parepectolin®, Parelixir®, Donnagel-PG®
Heroin
Diacetylmorphine is derived from the morphine alkaloid found in opium and is roughly 2-3 times more potent. A highly addictive drug, heroin exhibits euphoric ("rush"), anxiolytic and analgesic central nervous system properties. Heroin is classified as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and as such has no acceptable medical use in the United States. Pure heroin is a white powder with a bitter taste. Most illicit heroin is sold as a white or brownish powder and is usually "cut" with other drugs or with substances such as sugar, starch, powdered milk, or quinine. It can also be cut with strychnine or other poisons. Because heroin abusers do not know the actual strength of the drug or its true contents, they are at risk of overdose or death. Another form of heroin known as "black tar" may be sticky, like roofing tar, or hard, like coal. Its color may vary from dark brown to black.
Under the chemical name diamorphine, diacetylmorphine is prescribed as a strong analgesic in the United Kingdom, where it is given via subcutaneous, intramascular, intrathecal or intravenous route. Its use includes treatment for acute pain, such as in severe physical trauma, myocardial infarction, post-surgical pain, and chronic pain, including end-stage cancer and other terminal illness. In other countries it is more common to use morphine or other strong opioid in these situations. In 2004, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence produced guidance on the management of caesarian section, which recommended the use of intrathecal or epidural diacetylmorphine for post-operative pain relief.
Shabu
Methamphetamine Hydrochloride, commonly known as "Shabu", "Ice", "Meth", or by its any other name, refers to the drug having such chemical composition, including any of its isomers or derivatives in any form.Methamphetamine has a high potential for abuse. It should thus be tried only in weight reduction programs for patients in whom alternative therapy has been ineffective. Administration of Methamphetamine for prolonged periods of time in obesity may lead to drug dependence and must be avoided. Particular attention should be paid to the possibility of subjects obtaining Methamphetamine for non-therapeutic use or distribution to others, and the drug should be prescribe or dispensed sparingly. Misuse of Methamphetamine may cause sudden death and serious Cardiovascular Adverse events.
Example drug for this is DESOXYN® (methamphetamine hydrochloride tablets, USP), chemically known as (S)-N,α-dimethylbenzeneethanamine hydrochloride, is a member of the amphetamine group of sympathomimetic amines. It has the following structural formula:
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